在struts中,通常采用的全局错误控制模式是构建一个baseaction,在其execute方法中完成前台传回方法的dispatch操作,并由 try……catch……捕获程序错误,实现错误的控制和展示。一个典型的baseaction例子如下:
代码
public actionforward execute(actionmapping mapping, actionform form,
httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) {
……
actionforward forwardpage = null;
try {
string parameter = mapping.getparameter();
if (parameter == null) {
string message = messages.getmessage("dispatch.handler",mapping.getpath());
response.senderror(500, message);
return null;
}
string name = processreqcode(request.getparameter(parameter));
forwardpage = dispatchmethod(mapping, form, request, response, name);
} catch (baseexception ex) {
if (log.isdebugenabled())
log.debug("发生错误:", ex);
forwardpage = processbaseexception(request, mapping, ex);
} catch (throwable ex) {
log.error("发生错误:", ex);
actionmessages errors = new actionmessages();
bytearrayoutputstream ostr = new bytearrayoutputstream();
ex.printstacktrace(new printstream(ostr));
errors.add("org.apache.struts.action.global_message", new actionmessage
(ostr.tostring()));
saveerrors(request, errors);
forwardpage = mapping.findforward("syserror");
output.setstatus("fail");
output.seterror(ex.getmessage());
}
……
}
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由于jsf采用了managed bean,jsp页面直接通过调用managed bean中的方法完成数据交互,不能像struts一样通过捕获dispatch操作过程抛出的异常来完成错误的处理(因为根本就没有dispatch方法),似乎jsf根本就不支持全局的错误处理。
如果在managed bean中throw 一个exception(这里是appexception),观察一下控制台的日志,可以看到其实错误是从一个actionlistener的实现中抛出的(针对myfaces,这里是actionlistenerimpl),参考jsf的生命周期过程,方法出来了:
代码
public class globalactionlistener extends actionlistenerimpl {
public void processaction(actionevent event) throws abortprocessingexception {
facescontext facescontext = facescontext.getcurrentinstance();
application application = facescontext.getapplication();
actionsource actionsource = (actionsource) event.getcomponent();
methodbinding methodbinding = actionsource.getaction();
string fromaction = null;string outcome = null;
if (methodbinding != null) {
fromaction = methodbinding.getexpressionstring();
try {
outcome = (string) methodbinding.invoke(facescontext, null);
} catch (evaluationexception e) {
throwable cause = e.getcause();
if (cause != null && cause instanceof appexception) {
//这里需要根据框架的不同,判断实例是否是程序中手动抛出的错误
facesutils.adderrormessage(event.getcomponent().getclientid(facescontext),
cause.getmessage());}
else {
throw (abortprocessingexception) cause;
}
} catch (runtimeexception e) {
throw new facesexception("error calling action method of component with id " +
event.getcomponent().getclientid(facescontext), e);
}
navigationhandler navigationhandler = application.getnavigationhandler();
navigationhandler.handlenavigation(facescontext, fromaction, outcome);
// render response if needed
facescontext.renderresponse();
}
}
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监听器配置,faces-config-application.xml:
代码
<application>
<variable-resolver>
org.springframework.web.jsf.delegatingvariableresolver
</variable-resolver>
<message-bundle>resources.application</message-bundle>
<locale-config>
<default-locale>en</default-locale>
</locale-config>
<action-listener>
org.snailportal.webframework.listener.globalactionlistener
</action-listener>
</application>
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这样,开发人员只需要在action和managed bean里面根据业务的需要抛出指定基础类型的exception实例,由baseaction和actionlistener完成错误的封装处理,再传递给前台进行显示,从而减少开发的代码量,提高框架的可维护性。