首先以父子关系为例:
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对应生成的ddl drop table parent;
代码:
drop table child;
create table parent (id integer not null generated by default as identity, primary key (id));
create table child (id integer not null generated by default as identity, parentid integer, primary key (id));
alter table child add constraint fk3d1fcfc74b18345 foreign key (parentid) references parent;
*大写的部分inverse="true"表示 parentpo 本身不维护表之间的关系!,而由想反的一方 children来维护,
*cascade=“all”表示 无论是update,insert ,delete 都保持几连关系
*lazy="true"表示初始化父亲的时候不会把所有的儿子都从数据库中load进来。
下面先看一下几个例子:
生成的sql:
代码:
hibernate: insert into parent (id) values (default)
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
结果 c:/myapp/sqllib/bin>db2 select * from child
代码:
id parentid
----------- -----------
71 44
72 44
73 44
c:/myapp/sqllib/bin>db2 select * from parent
id
-----------
44
注意之只有一句:session.save(parent);就把两个儿子保存进了数据库。
*首先讲讲inverse=true作用: 这里关系是由儿子维护的,所以如果只是往父亲里加入儿子,不给儿子设置父亲的话session.save(parent),就不会保存儿子! 看这个例子:注意与例子1的对比
代码:
*childpo child = new childpo(parent)---〉childpo child = new childpo(),
itxmgr tx = null;
tx = hibernatetxmgr.begintrans("add a new relationships...");
session = (session) tx.getsession();
parent = new parentpo();
childpo child = new childpo();
childpo child2 = new childpo();
list list = new arraylist();
list.add(child);
list.add(child2);
parent.setchildren(list);
session.save(parent);
session.flush();
system.out.println("dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd") ;
childpo child3 = new childpo();
child3.setparent(parent);
session.save(child3);
session.flush();
system.out.println("eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee") ;
tx.endtrans();
生成的sql没有变
代码:
hibernate: insert into parent (id) values (default)
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
*注意父子关系丢失了 c:/myapp/sqllib/bin>db2 select * from child
代码:
id parentid
----------- -----------
74 -
75 -
76 45
c:/myapp/sqllib/bin>db2 select * from parent
id
-----------
45
*为什么最后一个孩子的父亲没有丢失呢? 就在于child3.setparent(parent);,所以关系是由孩子维护的,如果child不setparent,或者 new childpo(父亲)的话 父子关系就丢失了,parent.setchildren(list);是没有用的!
*这里就又引入了另外一个问题为什么要用inverse? 用了它维护关系起岂不是很麻烦?,这里给出个例子给大家一个解释:(关键原因在于性能)
下面这个例子和例子一完全一样,所差的就是没有用inverse=true
例子2:
代码:
hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.etech.bm.po.childpo" table="child">
<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
<generator class="identity"/>
</id>
<many-to-one name="parent" class="com.etech.bm.po.parentpo" column="parentid"/>
</class>
<class name="com.etech.bm.po.parentpo" table="parent">
<id name="id" column="id" type="integer">
<generator class="identity"/>
</id>
<bag name="children" cascade=“all”>
<key column="parentid"/>
<one-to-many class="com.etech.bm.po.childpo"/>
</bag>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
代码:
drop table parent;
drop table child;
create table parent (id integer not null generated by default as identity, primary key (id));
create table child (id integer not null generated by default as identity, parentid integer, primary key (id));
alter table child add constraint fk3d1fcfc74b18345 foreign key (parentid) references parent;
代码:
itxmgr tx = null;
tx = hibernatetxmgr.begintrans("add a new relationships...");
session = (session) tx.getsession();
parent = new parentpo();
childpo child = new childpo(parent);
childpo child2 = new childpo(parent);
list list = new arraylist();
list.add(child);
list.add(child2);
parent.setchildren(list);
session.save(parent);
session.flush();
system.out.println("dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd") ;
childpo child3 = new childpo();
child3.setparent(parent);
session.save(child3);
session.flush();
system.out.println("eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee") ;
tx.endtrans();
hibernate 生成的sql hibernate: insert into parent (id) values (default)
代码:
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
hibernate: update child set parentid=? where id=?
dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd
hibernate: insert into child (parentid, id) values (?, default)
hibernate: values identity_val_local()
结果 c:/myapp/sqllib/bin>db2 select * from parent
代码:
id
-----------
46
id parentid
----------- -----------
77 46
78 46
79 46
明显比原来多了一句hibernate: update child set parentid=? where id=?针对每一个孩子都去更新父亲的id明显速度很慢,因为父亲有个孩子的集合,他无法知道哪个孩子的父亲id已经指向自己了,所以对于每一个孩子,都要更新父亲使他只想自己,而这个关系由孩子维护就好多了,每个孩子只有一个父亲,只有设置过的才需要更新,所以显然,这个父子关系由孩子来维护比较省力.减轻了数据库的负担
*现在我们再来看看在没有 inverse=true 的条件下 childpo child = new childpo(parent)---〉childpo child = new childpo(),
代码:
itxmgr tx = null;
tx = hibernatetxmgr.begintrans("add a new relationships...");
session = (session) tx.gets
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